CTTH without medication overuse (N = 216) % (n) | CTTH with medication overuse (N = 169) % (n) | Chronic migraine without medication overuse (N = 3) % (n) | Chronic migraine with medication overuse (N = 14) % (n) | Other primary chronic headache without medication overuse (N = 3) % (n) | Other primary chronic headache with medication overuse (N = 7) % (n) | All primary headaches (N = 405) % (n) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Contact level | |||||||
None | 22 (47) | 17 (28) | 0 (0) | 14 (2) | 33 (1) | 14 (1) | 20 (79) |
Primary | 78 (169) | 83 (141) | 100 (3) | 86 (12) | 67 (2) | 86 (6) | 80 (326) |
Secondary | 16 (34) | 20 (33) | 33 (1) | 36 (5) | 67 (2) | 71 (5) | 19 (76) |
Tertiary | 4 (9) | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 33 (1) | 0 (0) | 4 (17) |
Complementary and alternative medicine | |||||||
Acupuncture | 30 (65) | 34 (58) | 0 (0) | 57 (8)d | 67 (2) | 43 (3) | 33 (133) |
Chiropractic | 29 (62) | 28 (47) | 0 (0) | 29 (4) | 33 (1) | 14 (1) | 28 (113) |
Homeopathy | 11 (23) | 10 (17) | 0 (0) | 14 (2) | 33 (1) | 29 (2) | 11 (44) |
Naprapath | 6 (13) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 33 (1) | 0 (0) | 5 (20) |
Physiotherapy | 50 (109) | 56 (94) | 0 (0) | 57 (8) | 33 (1) | 43 (3) | 52 (211) |
Psychologist | 2 (4) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 33 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (8) |
Psychomotor physiotherapy | 6 (14) | 10 (17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8 (31) |
Any CAM | 61 (132) | 65 (110) | 0 (0) | 64 (9) | 67 (2) | 57 (4) | 62 (253) |
Medication use | |||||||
Acute medication | 75 (163)b | 100 (169)a,c | 100 (3) | 100 (14) | 100 (3) | 100 (7) | 87 (352) |
Prophylactic medication | 3 (7) | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 7 (1) | 0 (0) | 14 (1) | 3 (14) |