Associations between sleep disturbance and primary headaches: the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Study

Table 3 Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for ESS ≥ 10 and KSQ ≥ 75 percentile related to headache type

Questionnaire	P	OR	95% CI
Questionnaire	P	OR	Lower	Higher
ESS ≥ 10
Headache-free (n = 76)		1.0	Ref
Definite TTH (n = 135)	0.69	1.2	0.5	3.3
Definite or probable TTH (n = 143)	0.49	1.4	0.5	3.7
Definite migraine (n = 50)	0.04	3.3	1.0	10.2
Definite or probable migraine (n = 55)	0.009	4.4	1.5	13.1
Other headaches^a (n = 34)	0.02	3.8	1.2	12.0
Other headaches^b (n = 21)	0.36	2.0	0.5	8.6
KSQ ≥ 75 percentile
Headache-free (n = 76)		1.0	Ref
Definite TTH (n = 135)	0.004	3.3	1.4	7.3
Definite or probable TTH (n = 143)	0.004	3.3	1.5	7.3
Definite migraine (n = 51)	0.001	5.4	2.0	14.5
Definite or probable migraine (n = 56)	<0.001	6.0	2.3	15.9
Other headaches^a (n = 34)	0.03	3.2	1.1	9.2
Other headaches^b (n = 21)	0.16	2.5	0.7	8.5

Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and sleep-promoting medication
^aProbable tension-type headache (TTH) (n = 8), probable migraine (n = 5), medication overuse headache (MOH) (n = 5), hangover-headache (n = 6), headache attributed to systemic viral infection (n = 4), rhinosinusitis (n = 2), cerviogenic headache (n = 1), caffeine-withdrawal headache (n = 1), persistent idiopathic facial pain (n = 1), and primary exertional headache (n = 1)
^bSame as footnote (a) without probable TTH and probable migraine

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