Table 1 Demographic data of MOH patients (n = 138, 19 M/119 F, 22–81 years)
From: Lack of association between five serotonin metabolism-related genes and medication overuse headache
| Â | N (%) |
|---|---|
Clinical features | |
Smokers | 38 (27.5%) |
Ex-smokers | 4 (8.7%) |
Familiarity for headache | 107 (77.5%) |
 First-grade parent with headache | 103 (74.6%) |
Familiarity for drug/alcohol abuse (tot.) | 40 (32.6%) |
 Parents with headache and analgesic overuse | 33 (23.9%) |
 Parents with alcohol abuse | 11 (7.9%) |
 Parents with drug addiction (opioid) | 2 (1.4%) |
 Parents with anxiolytic abuse | 1 (0.7%) |
Anxiety/depression comorbidity (tot.) | 56 (40.5%) |
 Depression | 47 (34%) |
 Anxiety | 42 (30.4%) |
 Anxiety and depression co-presence | 33 (23.9%) |
Headache drug overused | |
Abuse of combination analgesics | 91 (65.9%) |
 Combination with indomethacin and caffeine | 41 (29.7%) |
 Combination with barbiturate | 37 (26.8%) |
 Combination with ergotamine | 8 (5.8%) |
 Combination with NSAIDs and caffeine | 3 (2.2%) |
 Combination with opioid | 2 (1.4%) |
Triptans | 49 (35.5%) |
NSAIDs | 40 (29%) |
Acetaminophen | 5 (3.6%) |
Metamizole | 2 (1.4%) |
Overuse of one drug | 68 (49.3%) |
Overuse of more than one drug | 66 (47.8%) |